Time of key Russia dates
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1861
|
Emancipation of the Serfs
|
1881
|
Alexander II assassinated
Alexander III succeeds as Tsar
|
1894
|
Nicholas II succeeded
Alexander III as Tsar
|
1897
|
Lenin exiled to Siberia
|
1898
|
Formation of Russian Social
Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP)
|
1900
|
Formation of Socialist
Revolutionaries (SRs)
Lenin joined RSDLP
|
1903
|
RSDLP split between Bolsheviks
and Mensheviks
Communes no longer
responsible for land tenure
Trans-Siberian Railway
completed
|
1904
|
Assassination of Interior
Minister Plehve
Liberal ‘Banquet Campaign’
|
1904–05
|
Russo-Japanese War
|
1905
|
‘Bloody Sunday’
Revolution: strikes,
mutinies
‘Union of Unions’ formed
End of redemption payments;
peasants seize land
October Manifesto
St. Petersburg Soviet
formed
Troops returning from the
war with Japan suppressed soviets
|
1906
|
Fundamental Laws
Parties legalised
|
1906–07
|
First and Second Dumas
dissolved after a few months
|
1906–11
|
Stolypin’s agricultural reforms
|
1906–17
|
Lenin in exile abroad
|
1906–07
|
Repression of Tsarism’s opponents
|
1907
|
Stolypin’s ‘coup’: Electoral
Law restricting the franchise
|
1907–12
|
Third Duma
|
1910
|
New wave of strikes
|
1911
|
Assassination of Stolypin
|
1912
|
National insurance scheme
Lena goldfields massacre
|
1912–13
|
Wars in the Balkans
|
1912–14
|
Fourth Duma
|
1914–18
|
Russia went to war against
Germany and Austria
|
1914
|
Suspension of Fourth Duma
|
1915
|
Fourth Duma recalled
June: Kadets and Octobrists
formed the Progressive Bloc
August: Tsar appointed
himself Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces
Control of the government
in the hands of Alexandra and Rasputin
|
1916
|
Murder of Rasputin
|
1917
|
February: Strike began at
Putilov factories in Petrograd
February Revolution
March: Abdication of Tsar
Provisional government set
up
March: Petrograd Soviet
issues ‘Order No.1’
April: Return of Lenin:
April Theses
July Days
July: Failure of the Kerensky
Offensive
August: Kornilov Revolt
Trotsky joined Bolsheviks
Bolshevik majorities in
Petrograd and Moscow soviets
Military Revolutionary
Committee established
October: Bolshevik seizure
of power
Sovnarkom established
Russian Soviet Federative
Socialist Republic set up
November: Constituent
Assembly Elections
November: Decrees on Land
and Workers’ Control
December: Cheka founded
|
1918
|
January: Bolsheviks disbanded
Constituent Assembly
March: Treaty of
Brest-Litovsk
Assassination attempt on
Lenin
July: Tsar and imperial
family murdered
Bolsheviks renamed
(All-)Russian Communist Party (until 1925)
|
1918–21
|
War Communism
|
1919
|
Communist International
Founded
|
1920
|
Russo-Polish War: Loss of
western Ukraine
|
1921
|
Kronstadt Rebellion
Tenth Party Congress – ban
on factions
Introduction of the New
Economic Policy (NEP)
|
1921–22
|
Famine
|
1922
|
Cheka renamed as GPU
Stalin became General
Secretary of the Central Committee
USSR established
|
1922–23
|
Lenin suffered series of
strokes
|
1923
|
‘Scissors Crisis’
|
1924
|
Lenin’s death
USSR (Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics) constitution agreed
GPU expanded into OGPU
|
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